About Medication Overuse Headache
What Is A Medication Overuse Headache?
Medication overuse headache (MOH), also known as rebound headache, is a type of headache that occurs as a result of overusing acute pain medications for the treatment of frequent or chronic headaches. MOH can occur when medications, such as over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen) or prescription drugs (e.g., triptans, opioids), are taken too frequently or in excessive amounts. The exact mechanisms underlying MOH are not fully understood, but it is believed to involve medication-induced changes in the brain’s pain processing pathways.
Medication Overuse Headache Diagnosis
How Do We Diagnose A Medication Overuse Headache?
To diagnose medication overuse headache, healthcare professionals consider several factors and evaluate the individual’s medical history, headache pattern, and medication usage. The diagnosis may involve assessing medication usage and identifying headache characteristics. It is essential to provide accurate information about medication usage and headache patterns to aid in the diagnosis of MOH.
Medication Overuse Headache Symptoms
Headache
Frequent or daily headaches that occur because of medication overuse
Headache may worsen in the morning or shortly after waking up
Medication
May need increasing amounts of medications to achieve same level of pain relief
Nausea
Sensitivity
Sensitivity to light and sound
Difficulty concentrating
Medication Overuse Headache (MOH) – Frequently Asked Questions
What is Medication Overuse Headache (MOH)?
MOH is a chronic headache condition caused by the frequent or excessive use of acute pain-relief medications, leading to a cycle of recurring headaches.
What causes MOH?
MOH occurs when medications like over-the-counter analgesics, triptans, or codeine-based drugs are used more than 10-15 days per month over a three-month period.
What are the symptoms of MOH?
Symptoms include a dull, persistent headache occurring on more than 15 days per month, often accompanied by nausea, irritability, or difficulty concentrating.
How is MOH diagnosed?
MOH is diagnosed by a healthcare professional based on headache frequency, medication usage patterns, and ruling out other potential causes of chronic headaches.
What medications can lead to MOH?
Medications that can cause MOH include simple analgesics (e.g., paracetamol, ibuprofen), triptans, and codeine-based drugs. Even over-the-counter medications can contribute if overused.
How is MOH treated?
Treatment involves reducing or stopping the overused medication under medical supervision. This can be done through a “cold turkey” approach for simple analgesics or a gradual reduction for codeine-based medications.
Can MOH be prevented?
Yes, MOH can be prevented by limiting the use of acute pain-relief medications to fewer than 10 days per month and working with a healthcare provider to manage headache triggers and symptoms.
What are the risks of untreated MOH?
Untreated MOH can lead to worsening headache frequency, increased brain sensitivity, and potential long-term health impacts, including gut health issues.
How long does it take to recover from MOH?
Recovery from MOH typically takes about two months, during which headache frequency gradually decreases, and the brain’s sensitivity stabilises.
Who can help with MOH?
A neurologist, general practitioner or headache practitioner can help diagnose and treat MOH. Psychological support, mindfulness programs, and lifestyle changes can also aid in recovery.
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