About Tension-type Headache
What Is A Tension-type Headache?
Tension-type headaches are a common form of primary headache disorder, characterised by a dull, non-throbbing pain that feels like a tight band around the head. While they are not typically severe or life-threatening, tension-type headaches can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. The fact that it is a ‘primary’ headache disorder means that there is no cause for the headache occurring, but this can be difficult to determine. Cervicogenic headaches can present in a remarkably similar way as tension-type headaches, so often an upper neck assessment is an important for a correct diagnosis.
Tension-type headaches are often described as a bilateral pressure or tightness around the forehead, temples, or back of the head. The pain is usually mild to moderate in intensity and does not worsen with routine physical activity. Unlike migraines, tension-type headaches are not typically accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to light and sound but if they are the symptoms are very mild.
Tension-type Headache Diagnosis
How Do We Diagnose A Tension-type Headache?
Diagnosing tension-type headaches involves a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and physical examination. The healthcare provider may ask questions about the frequency, duration, and characteristics of the headaches. It is essential to rule out other plausible causes of headaches before confirming tension-type headache diagnosis.
Tension-type Headache Symptoms
Headache
Mild to moderate painPain on both sides of head
Lasting from a few hours to several days, sometimes months or even years
Muscle tightness
· Muscle tenderness or tightness in the scalp, neck, or shoulder muscles
No Sensitivity
Not usually associated with associated symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light (photophobia), or sound (phonophobia).
Tension-Type Headache (TTH) – Frequently Asked Questions
What is a tension-type headache?
A tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common type of headache, characterised by a dull, pressure-like pain on both sides of the head. It is often described as a “tight band” around the head.
What causes tension-type headache?
Tension-type headache is often caused by stress, muscle tension in the neck and scalp, poor posture, or fatigue. Emotional factors like anxiety and depression can also contribute.
What are the symptoms of tension-type headache?
Symptoms include mild to moderate pain on both sides of the head, a sensation of tightness or pressure, and sometimes tenderness in the scalp, neck, or shoulders. Unlike migraine, it is not typically associated with nausea or sensitivity to light and sound.
How is tension-type headache different from migraine?
Tension-type headache is usually less severe than migraine, lacks the throbbing or pulsating pain, and is not accompanied by nausea or aura. It also does not worsen with physical activity.
How is tension-type headache diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on a detailed medical history and symptom description. No specific tests are required, but other conditions may need to be ruled out.
What triggers tension-type headache?
Common triggers include stress, poor posture, lack of sleep, dehydration, eye strain, and skipping meals. Emotional stress is a particularly significant factor.
How is tension-type headache treated?
Treatment includes over-the-counter pain relievers like paracetamol or ibuprofen, stress management techniques, physiotherapy, and relaxation exercises. Chronic cases may require preventive medications.
Can tension-type headache be prevented?
Prevention involves managing stress, maintaining good posture, staying hydrated, getting regular sleep, and avoiding known triggers. Regular exercise and relaxation techniques can also help.
What are the risks of untreated tension-type headache?
Untreated tension-type headache can lead to chronic pain, reduced quality of life, and increased reliance on pain medications, which may result in medication overuse headache.
Who can help with tension-type headache?
A headache practitioner, general practitioner or physiotherapist, can assist with diagnosis and treatment. Stress management professionals may also provide valuable support.
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